Two (2) Bakelite swirl bangles. Bakelite is an early plastic. It is a thermosetting phenol formaldehyde resin, formed from a condensation reaction of phenol with formaldehyde. It was developed by Belgian-born chemist Leo Baekeland in New York in 1907. Making Bakelite was a multi-stage process. It began with the heating of phenol and formaldehyde in the presence of a catalyst such as hydrochloric acid, zinc chloride, or the base ammonia. This created a liquid condensation product, referred to as Bakelite A, which was soluble in alcohol, acetone, or additional phenol. Heated further, the product became partially soluble and could still be softened by heat. Sustained heating resulted in an "insoluble hard gum". However, the high temperatures required to create this tended to cause violent foaming of the mixture, which resulted in the cooled material being porous and breakable. Baekeland's innovative step was to put his "last condensation product" into an egg-shaped "Bakelizer". By heating it under pressure, at about 150 ¡C., Baekeland was able to suppress the foaming that would otherwise occur. The resulting substance was extremely hard and both infusable and insoluble. SIZE: see attached ruler photo. Photos are part of the description representing the condition report and can be used for authentication prior to the sale date. Pangaea Auctions urges Bidder's to view all attached photos in detail. #(American, 19th-20th Century, Jewelry, Bangle, Bakelite, Bracelet, Antique, Vintage, ).

Accepted Forms of Payment:

American Express, Discover, MasterCard, Visa, Wire Transfer

Shipping

We ONLY ship with Fedex and we fully insure the shipment. All other shippers requested by the bidder will be handled by the bidder and Pangaea Auctions is not liable for the shipment.

Invoices: Sent shortly after the auction close to collect Hammer & Premium.

Shipping: First invoices payed will have shipping priority and updated invoices will be sent the day the payment is made. The shipment will be sent the day after the shipping payment is made. See Shipping details.

by Pangaea Auctions
June 11, 2016 12:00 PM PDT
1000 East William St.
Suite 204
Carson City, NV, US 89701

Pangaea Auctions

You agree to pay a buyer's premium of 19% and any applicable taxes and shipping.

View full terms and conditions

Bid Increments
From: To: Increments:
$0 $99 $5
$100 $499 $25
$500 $999 $50
$1,000 $2,999 $100
$3,000 $4,999 $200
$5,000 $9,999 $500
$10,000 $29,999 $1,000
$30,000 $49,999 $2,000
$50,000 $99,999 $5,000
$100,000 + $10,000