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The Ruins of Egmond Castle in a Wooded Landscape


Signed lower right: Croos

Oil on canvas
66.2 by 82.4 cm


Van der Croos spent the larger part of his career in The Hague, and
some of it in the northern town of Alkmaar. He was one of the most
talented followers of Jan van Goyen (1596?1656) who, according to
some sources, was his neighbour in The Hague. In 1656 Anthonie van
der Croos was one of the founders of the confraternity Pictura in The
Hague, which tried to be an alternative for the Painter?s Guild of Saint
Luke. Typical of van der Croos?s style is his love of featherlike foliage,
almost as if every leaf is lit individually.


In the present picture we see the ruins of the Castle of Egmond. The
Castle of Egmond (and the Abbey) were popular subjects for painters,
most of them from near by Alkmaar. Both were situated on the inner
dunes between Egmond aan Zee and Alkmaar. Egmond Castle (also
known as ?Slot op den Hoef?) was founded in 1129; its tutor (?Voogd?)
had to represent the Count of Holland, protect the abbey and collect
its rents. As one can imagine there was an immense power (and money)
struggle between the abbots of the Abbey and the tutor of the
Castle of Egmond.


The Dutch Revolution was of course first and foremost the Protestant
uprise of the so?called Beggars (?Geuzen?) against the Catholic Spanish
oppressor.


Shortly after execution of Egmond and Horne in June 1568 William
the Silent had the (Catholic) abbey dissolved.
In 1572 it was integrated in the defensive system of Alkmaar. In
February 1573 the last monks left. On June 7th 1573, when Spanish
troops threatened to take Alkmaar, Diederik Sonoy had both the abbey
and the castle set on fire to prevent the Spaniards getting some
strategic advantage from the buildings. The rich content of the Abbey
financed partly the creation of the university of Leiden. And its stones
were used to enforce the walls of Alkmaar. In 1671 the mayor of
Amsterdam was able to prevent its final destruction, for it served as an
important landmark for shipping (and also as a prison). The last ruins
of the abbey were finally broken down by 1800. The castle or what
remained of it was also demolished at that same time.


Van der Croos executed three more views from the same angle of
Egmond Castle. Here he exaggerated the small slope on which the
castle was built, to create a more dramatic effect. It is almost a magnificent
Baroque ode to the romantic ruins of Egmond Castle lit by the
warm sunlight of a late summer afternoon.

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